GHK-Cu

Description

GHK-Cu (Glycyl-L-Histidyl-L-Lysine Copper Complex) is a naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide. The free GHK tripeptide is C₁₄H₂₄N₆O₄ (molecular weight approximately 340.38 Da, CAS 49557-75-7); as the GHK-Cu copper(II) complex it is approximately 403 Da (CAS 89030-95-5). Found endogenously in human plasma (~200 ng/mL at age 20), saliva, and urine, GHK-Cu forms a high-affinity complex with copper(II) ions through its histidine imidazole nitrogen and peptide backbone coordination.

In laboratory research, GHK-Cu is utilized in gene expression profiling experiments (documented effects on 4,000+ human genes), extracellular matrix research gene expression studies (collagen I, III, IV), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9) and TIMP regulation assays, glycosaminoglycan deposition measurements, decorin and integrin expression studies, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity assays, and investigations of VEGF, FGF-2 expression modulation. GHK-Cu also serves as a model system for copper transport and peptide-metal coordination chemistry research.

Supplied as a lyophilized powder with ≥99% purity verified by HPLC. For storage and handling conditions, refer to the Certificate of Analysis provided with each lot. This product is intended strictly for laboratory research use only (RUO) and is not for human consumption, therapeutic use, or any diagnostic purposes.